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Foundations of Geology

Teacher: M. McCarty
Across
When the formation in a cavern is from the floor all the way to the ceiling.
Structure that rises from the floor of a cavern.
Basic building block of rocks.
Usually with a sharp, geometric shape.
Sediment deposits carried to the end of a river can form this.
Topmost layer that is rich in humus.
A single layer of rock that is less that 1 cm thick.
A vein of igneous rock that runs in the same direction as the strata.
Usually a combination of two or more minerals
The view that most of earth's geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or even billions of years.
The Unconformity present when sedimentary rock lies on top of igneous or metamorphic rock.
Several layers of lamination together.
Rock that has undergone change, usually due to heat and/or pressure.
A vein of igneous rock that runs perpendicular to the strata.
The view that most of earth's geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes such as floods, volcanic eruptions, etc.
Veins of igneous rock that shoot through layers of sedimentary rock.
__________ change can cause physical weathering.
The decayed remains of once-living creatures.
Down
An icicle-like structure hanging down from the ceiling of a cavern.
Inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth.
Layers of rock.
Most sediment is laid down by _________.
There is only an unconformity when there is clear evidence of __________.
A surface of erosion that separates one layer of rock from another.
The Great Unconformity is this type of conformity. It is at a slant compared to the rock layers above it.
An unconformity that cannot be physically identified by scientists, but is believed to be present.
Molten rock.
Unconformity present when the strata are parallel.
Minerals are ______ substances.
A cavern is caused by erosion due to _________.
Type of rock formed from sediments of sand, silt, minerals, and other components of soil.
Cavern formations are formed by the deposit of __________.
___________ weather - breaking down rocks in sediments with a different chemical composition from the original rock.
Intrusions are a result of __________ activity.
Rock formed from molten rock.
Another cause of weathering and erosion.
Main cause of erosion and weathering.