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Early Life Forms and The Viruses

Across
Organisms that break down organic material into its inorganic subunits
Viral __________ occurs when two viruses of the same type infect an individual at the same time and swap genes
The ________ layer is an atmospheric layer with a high concentration of ozone that prevents much UV radiation from reaching Earth's surface
More well-known and wide spread group of cells that do not have a nucleus
Pulls a cell forward
More closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria, and many live in extreme habitats
Obtains energy from chemicals and carbon from organic source such as glucose
Protist group with genes most similar to those of animals. Each cell has a long flagellum surrounded by a ring (or collar) of tiny filaments reinforced with the protein actin
A hydrothermal _____ is an underwater opening from which mineral-rich water heated by geothermal energy streams out
Algal ______ is a population explosion of single-celled aquatic organisms such as dinoflagellates
Have a two-part silica shell, with an upper and lower parts that fit together like a box with an overlapping lid
Are unwalled cells with many cilia
A mechanism of gene transfer in which a virus moves genes from one host cell to another
A viral ___________ is a layer of cell membrane derived from the host cell in which the viral particle formed
Down
Single-celled protists typically have two flagella, one at the cell's tip and the other running in a groove around the middle of the cell like a belt
Organisms that obtain both carbon and energy by breaking down organic compounds
A sexually transmitted pathogen that has multiple flagella that propel it through the human reproductive tract with jerky movements
In Eulena excess water collects in contractile __________ which are organelles that can also contract and expel water to the outside
Nitrogen __________ is the process of combining nitrogen gas with hydrogen to form ammonia
A type of bacteria that produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis
A disease ________ is an organism that transmits a pathogen from one host to the next
Obtains energy from light and carbon from organic source such as glucose
Obtains energy from chemicals and carbon from inorganic source such as carbon dixoide
A small ring of nonchromosomal DNA of many prokaryotes
Extreme _________ live in very hot places
A ____________ organism is composed of many integrated cells, each capable of surviving and reproducing on its own
Disease causing agent
The ___________ hypothesis is that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from free-living bacteria that entered and lived inside another cell
Have a single long flagella and most live in ponds and lakes
A mechanism of gene transfer in which one prokaryotic cell directly transfers a plasmid to another
A layer of elastic proteins just beneath the plasma membrane, helps flagellated protozoans retain their shape
A noncellular infectious particle that replicates only inside a living cell