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Year 12 Cell Recognition and the Immune System Keywords

Across
Protein on the cell-surface membrane used to identify cells
Arises when a sufficiently large proportion of the population has been vaccinated to make it difficult for a pathogen to be spread within a population
Genetic material in HIV
Type of cell from which plasma cells develop
Antibodies made from a single clone of cells
Hormone that is detected in a pregnancy test
A B-cell fused with a cancer tumour cell; used to make monoclonal antibodies
Type of immunity where antibodies are introduced into an individual form an outside source; e.g. anti-venom
Type of cell that displays foreign antigens on its surface
When antigens on pathogens change due to mutations
Helper T-cells bind to processed antigens and stimulate a B-cell to divide by mitosis and form a clone of identical B-cells
Enzymes that hydrolyse ingested pathogen
Part of the antibody that is the same in all antibodies
The longer chains that make up antibodies
Non-self cells
Type of immunity that can kill infected cells
Microorganism that causes disease
Down
Vaccination is an example of this type of immunity
Enzyme used to integrate viral DNA into the host cell's DNA
HIV is an example of this group of viruses
Type of white blood cell that is responsible for the secondary immune response
Enzyme that catalyses the production of DNA from RNA
Vesicle containing engulfed pathogen
Process by which macrophages engulf and hydrolyse pathogens
Binding site of an antibody
Number of polypeptide chains that make up an antibody
Type of white blood cell that makes antibodies
Protein that makes holes in the cell-surface membrane of pathogens and/or infected cells
Material that makes up bacterial cell walls
Test that uses antibodies to detect the presence and quantity of a protein
Protein found on helper T-cells to which HIV proteins readily bind to