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Emergency Drugs Commonly Used in the PCICU

Teacher: Stephanie Harward, April 2015
Across
In addition to treating hypoglycemia, it may be used in conjunction with Insulin to treat hyperkalemia.
Very potent vasoconstrictor; may be used to increase SVR in TET Spells. Dose: 5-20 mcg/kg IV bolus; may be used as a continuous drip.
Neuromuscular blocking agent commonly used for intubation. Onset of action 30-60 seconds; duration 15-30 minutes. Dose: 1mg/kg IV bolus.
Very toxic to veins; must be diluted 1:1 with sterile water for infants < 3 months of age. Incompatible with Calcium.
Able to stimulate both alpha (blood vessels) and beta (heart/lung) receptors; considered an inotrope and vasopressor. Considered "first line" drug in a code. "High dose" only used for administering via ETT.
An electrolyte supplement that may be given for Ventricular Tachycardia or Ventricular Fibrillation associated with Torsade de Pointes. May be given IVP in a code situation, but otherwise give over 2 hours to prevent hypotension.
Antiarrhythmic used to treat SVT. Due to extremely short half-life (< 10 sec), it must be given by rapid bolus using stopcock method.
Down
An electrolyte involved in nerve conduction/muscle contraction and blood coagulation. Cannot be given in a PIV or mid-clavicular line without a physician's order and further dilution by pharmacy.
NAVEL is an acronym used to remember the lipid-soluble drugs that can be given via this route.
Neuromuscular blocking agent commonly used for intubation. Must be reconstituted with sterile water. Onset of action 1 minute; duration 20-30 minutes. Dose: 0.1mg/kg
An antiarrhythmic with an extremely long half-life (weeks). Give loading dose (5mg/kg) over 20 - 25 minutes followed by a continuous drip; can cause severe hypotension and bradycardia.
Used to treat bradycardia by blocking vagal stimulation. Minimum dose of 0.1 mg (1cc) to prevent paradoxical bradycardia. Has a half-life of 2-6 hours.
An antiarrhythmic used to treat V. Tach or V. Fib. Loading dose (1mg/kg) must be followed by a continuous drip within 10-15 minutes; otherwise, need to reload. Side effects include arrhythmias and CNS toxicity (seizures). Monitor drug levels. May be given via IV/IO or ETT route.
A vasoconstrictor that may be used as an alternative to epinephrine. Because it is also an antidiuretic hormone, side effects may include oliguria and hyponatremia. Dose: 20-40 milliunits/kg/hr.
A catecholamine whose actions vary depending on the dose. At low doses (1-5 mcg/kg/min), it produces renal and splanchnic vasodilation. Intermediate doses (5-15 mcg/kg/min) increase cardiac contractility and high doses (> 15 mcg/kg/min) cause vasoconstriction. Given as a continuous drip in a central line.